Hyperopia, also known as farsightedness, is a refractive error of the eye where light is focused behind the retina instead of directly on it. This results in difficulty seeing objects up close, but generally no problem seeing distant objects. Hyperopia can be corrected with glasses, contacts, or refractive surgery.
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What Is Hyperopia?
Hyperopia is a common refractive error of the eye, where the eye is not able to focus light properly on the retina, resulting in difficulty seeing objects up close. It is caused by an eyeball that is too short or a cornea that is not curved enough.
In a normal eye, the cornea and lens work together to bend light and focus it on the retina, but in a hyperopic eye, the light is focused behind the retina, making close-up objects appear blurry. People with hyperopia can see distant objects clearly but may have trouble with reading, writing, and other close-up tasks.
Symptoms of hyperopia can include eye strain, headaches, and squinting when trying to see close-up objects. Hyperopia can be diagnosed by an eye doctor during a comprehensive eye exam, which may include tests such as a refraction test, retinoscopy, or an auto-refractor.
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Hyperopia can be treated with corrective lenses, such as glasses or contact lenses, which help to refocus the light on the retina. Refractive surgery, such as LASIK, can also be used to permanently correct hyperopia by reshaping the cornea to change the way it bends light.
It's important to note that hyperopia can also develop in people as they age, this called Presbyopia which is a natural part of the aging process and it occurs as the lens of the eye loses its flexibility, causing difficulty seeing close-up objects.
Hyperopia Symptoms
Symptoms of hyperopia can vary depending on the severity of the condition and the individual. Some common symptoms include:
- Blurred vision for close-up objects.
- Eye strain, fatigue, or headaches when performing close-up tasks.
- Squinting in an attempt to see clearly.
- Double vision or ghost images.
- A tendency to rub the eyes frequently.
- Reduced visual acuityDifficulty reading, writing, or working on the computer.
- HeadachesTired eyesIn children, hyperopia may cause crossed eyes or a lazy eye.
It's important to note that not all individuals with hyperopia will experience symptoms, especially if the condition is mild. An eye exam is the best way to determine if someone has hyperopia and how severe it is. Symptoms can be treated by using eyeglasses or contact lenses as well as refractive surgery.
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Hyperopia Causes
Hyperopia, also known as farsightedness, is caused by the shape of the eye. The eye is either too short from front to back or the cornea, and the clear front surface of the eye is not curved enough. This causes light to be focused behind the retina instead of directly on it, resulting in difficulty seeing objects up close.
There are several factors that can contribute to the development of hyperopia:
Genetics: Hyperopia can run in families and is thought to have a genetic component.
Age: As people age, the lens of the eye loses its ability to change shape, making it more difficult to focus on close-up objects. This condition is called presbyopia.
Other eye conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as cataracts or injuries to the eye, can cause hyperopia.
Premature birth: Premature infants may have a higher risk of developing hyperopia.
It's important to note that some people are born with hyperopia and others may develop it later in life. A comprehensive eye examination can help determine if someone has hyperopia and its cause of it.
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Hyperopia Treatment
Hyperopia can be treated with several different options, depending on the individual's needs and the severity of the condition. Some common treatment options include:
Eyeglasses: Eyeglasses with concave lenses can correct hyperopia by bending the light and focusing it directly on the retina.
Contact lenses: Contact lenses can also correct hyperopia by changing the way light enters the eye. There are different types of contact lenses available, including soft contact lenses and gas-permeable contact lenses.
Refractive surgery: Refractive surgery, such as LASIK, can be used to permanently correct hyperopia by reshaping the cornea to change the way it bends light. This procedure can reduce or eliminate the need for glasses or contact lenses.
Orthokeratology: Orthokeratology is a non-surgical procedure that involves wearing special contact lenses overnight to reshape the cornea. This can reduce or eliminate the need for glasses or daytime contact lenses.
It's important to note that treatment options should be discussed with an eye care professional to determine the best option for the individual. The best treatment for hyperopia may vary depending on the person's age, lifestyle, and the severity of their condition.
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